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SPC 1608 (Holmes): Citation Overview

This guide is designed to help students with library research as they complete assignments in Professor Holmes's speech course.

Why Cite?

Citation is used for several reasons:

  1. To give credit to your sources.
  2. To differentiate your work from others'.
  3. To increase your credibility as a speaker.
  4. To help your audience find your sources.

And of course, to avoid plagiarism!

Citation: Two Parts

Full Citations - the complete information about your sources.

In-Speech Citations 

  1. Verbal citations are included in the body of your speech. These provide a brief reference to your source and refer the listener to your full citation on your Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) page. (In a paper, these would be in-text citations).
  2. Image citations are included on your visual aid. These also provide a brief reference to your source and refer the listener to your full citation on your Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) page.


The Valencia College libraries do not welcome solicitation of resources to be added to our LibGuides. This includes but is not limited to vendors, search engine optimizers, placement of ads, products, or any other requests. Our LibGuides are carefully curated resources developed in partnership with faculty, staff, and students to support specific assignments, courses, events, and other related purposes at Valencia College. The Valencia libraries reserve the right to ignore LibGuide resource solicitations, and/or block persistent requests from groups or individuals to add or promote links in our LibGuides.